Dupilumab as a steroid-sparing treatment option in pediatric severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Case report Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a frequent comorbidity in severe asthma in adults. Both diseases share key pathophysiological mechanisms that can involve type-2 inflammatory pathways. However, this is an uncommon presentation in pediatric patients. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against IL-4Ralpha, inhibits IL-4/ IL-13 signaling, which are key drivers of type-2 inflammation and interfere with both eosinophilic and allergic pathways. It is approved for patients >= 12-year- old with moderate to severe uncontrolled asthma, but its approval in CRSwNP is limited to adults. We report a case of a 12-year- old boy with severe uncontrolled asthma and highly symptomatic CRSwNP referred to our center in May 2021. He was sensitized to house dust mite and pollens, and a specific immunotherapy had been tried previously. He was treated with high dose inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting beta agonist, long-acting muscarinic antagonist, montelukast and daily intra-nasal corticosteroids. Furthermore, a bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery with polypectomy was performed in April 2021. Despite adherence to medication and surgical treatment, both diseases were uncontrolled with frequent exacerbations requiring unscheduled visits and multiple systemic corticosteroid courses. This led to failure to thrive and several missed school days. Oral corticosteroid (OCS) tapering was unachieved due to symptoms rebound and so maintenance therapy with prednisolone 10mg daily was attempted, with only a slight improvement. High levels of eosinophils (1010 cells/muL), FeNO (122 ppb) and IgE (2255 kU/L) were present. Treatment with subcutaneous dupilumab was started in July 2021. A clinical and analytical improvement was evident at the 3-month evaluation (Table 1). He was able to stop prednisolone, and no clinically relevant exacerbations occurred. He also was fully vaccinated and had an asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in December 2021. Patients with CRSwNP and comorbid asthma have a higher disease burden than patients with each disease alone. In this adolescent, dupilumab was effective as an add-on treatment, for both severe asthma and CRSwNP. It led to disease control, OCS withdrawal, reduced eosinophilic inflammation, improved lung function, smell recovery and absence of exacerbations during follow-up. Dupilumab, targeting the type 2 inflammatory process, may allow a better management of pediatric patients >=12 years old with severe CRSwNP and comorbid asthma. (Table Presented).

The use of biologics during the COVID 19 pandemic: Data of an allergy unit of a tertiary hospital in Greece

Background: The use of biologics during the pandemic has raised concerns throughout the scientific community. The current guidelines suggest continuing the use of biologics during the pandemic, while the initiation or continuation of treatment in case of symptomatic disease are remaining controversial unanswered questions. As a result the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of symptomatic COVID19 infection in patients treated with biologic agents in an Allergy Unit of a University Hospital during the pandemic. Method(s): Patients of the Allergy Unit "D Kalogeromitros", who due to asthma, atopic dermatitis, Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria(CSU) or Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP)were under treatment with biologic agents were included in the present study. Treatment of at least 2 months until the 31/12/2021 was necessary for a patient to be included in the present study. Result(s): A total of 77 patients [46 (59.7%) women, mean age 48.2 (range 15-82) years were included. The mean duration of treatment with biologics was 34.9 months (SD: +/-37 months). Overall, 83.1% (64/77) of patients were receiving omalizumab for asthma and CSU [13/64 (20.3%) and 51/64 (79.6%) respectively] while 9.1% (7/77) were receiving dupilumab for atopic dermatitis (4/7) and CRSwNP [4/7 (57.1%) and 3/7 (42.8%) respectively]. In addition, 5/77 (6.5%) and 1/77 (1.2%) were under treatment with mepolizumab and one with benralizumab respectively, due to severe uncontrolled asthma. A total of 6 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria and 2/19 patients with asthma (1/5 with mepolizumab and 1/13 with omalizumab) had symptomatic COVID 19 infection as confirmed with a positive Polymerase Chain Reaction or Rapid Test. None of the patients treated with benralizumab or dupilumab had symptomatic COVID19 infection. Overall, 8/77 (10.3%) of patients had symptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection during the above period, a rate similar to the onein the same period identified in the general Greek population (11.2%). All patients had mild symptoms during the disease course with no patient admission to hospital. Conclusion(s): The frequency of symptomatic COVID19 infection identified in a population of Greek patients treated with biologic agents was no higher than than the one in the general Greek population. Furthermore, all patients had a mild course of the disease with no admissions, indicating that the use of biologics is a safe choice and can be continued during the pandemic.

Impact of SARS-CoV2 infection in asthmatic patients at the Hospital La Paz in Madrid

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV- 2 virus. It presents a wide clinical spectrum from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia and even death. Since the report of its first cases in 2019, risk factors for mortality or clinical failure have been described. Asthma, as a respiratory disease, could be a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19 disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease in asthmatic patients Method: 173 electronic medical records (DXC-HCIS- Healthcare Information System) of asthmatic patients were individually reviewed and demographic and clinical data were extracted: sex, age, smoking habit, comorbidities (obesity, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, COPD and T2 or non T2-asthma), previous asthma treatment (inhaled therapy, oral corticosteroids (OCS), biological therapy, azithromycin and anti-leukotriene use), number of previous exacerbations, blood eosinophils and serum Total-IgE levels. Severity of infection was registered according to the presence of pneumonia, need for hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Result(s): Higher risk of pneumonia was found in males (p = 0.004), smokers (p = 0.025) and previous treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) + long-acting s-agonist (LABA) (p = 0.001). We did not find higher risk of pneumonia for obesity, COPD, T2 asthma, OCS treatment, or previously elevated number of exacerbations or eosinophils (> 250/mcl). Higher risk of hospitalization was found among males (p = 0.048), smokers (p < 0.001) or patients with previous ICS+LABA treatment (p = 0.003) and lower risk of hospitalization in T2 asthmatic patients (p = 0.002) and those previously treated with ICS (p = 0.005). Although there were non-significant associations, there was a relation between obese patients and hospitalization risk (p = 0.064). There was no increased risk of death or ICU admission in asthmatic patients adjusted for gender, smoking, obesity, T2 asthma, type of previous treatment and number of exacerbations Conclusion(s): Asthmatic patients present a higher risk of pneumonia and hospitalization if they are male, smokers or undergoing ICS+ LABA treatment. Asthmatics with T2 asthma and previous treatment with ICS alone have a lower risk of hospitalization. Further studies with a higher number of patients are needed to explore deeply the impact of COVID-19 on asthma outcomes.

Evaluation of Incidence and Complications during COVID-19 Desease in Patients with Asthma

Background: COVID-19 is presented by a wide clinical spectrum from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia and even death. Since the report of its first cases in 2019, risk factors for mortality or clinical failure have been described. Asthma, as a respiratory disease, could be a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19 disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease in asthmatic patients. Method(s): 173 electronic medical records (DXC-HCIS- Healthcare Information System) of asthmatic patients were reviewed and demographic and clinical data were extracted: sex, age, smoking habit, comorbidities (obesity, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, COPD and T2 or non T2-asthma), previous asthma treatment (inhaled therapy, oral corticosteroids, biological therapy, azithromycin and anti-leukotriene use), previous exacerbations, blood eosinophils and serum Total-IgE levels. Severity of infection was registered according to the presence of pneumonia, need for hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Result(s): Higher risk of pneumonia was found in males (p=0.004), smokers (p=0.025) and previous treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) + long-acting s-agonist (LABA) (p=0.001). Higher risk of hospitalization was found among males (p=0.048), smokers (p<0.001) or patients with previous ICS+LABA treatment (p=0.003) and lower risk of hospitalization in T2 asthmatic patients (p=0.002) and those previously treated with ICS (p=0.005). Conclusion(s): Asthmatic patients present a higher risk of pneumonia and hospitalization if they are male, smokers or undergoing ICS+LABA treatment. Asthma T2 and previous treatment with ICS are related with a lower risk of hospitalization.

Case presentation: Initiation of dupilumab therapy for severe CRSwNP and severe reduced quality of life in post-covid syndrome

Introduction The use of biologics has been described as an effective therapy in phase 3 studies in severe CRSwNP. Relatively unexplored is the post-covid syndrome in CRSwNP patients. Method Case presentation. Results Presentation of a 75-year-old patient with CRSwNP, asthma, ASA intolerance and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Drug therapy with daily 1-5 mg prednisolone oral and inhalation therapy with formoterol/ beclomethasone. In February 2021, the patient was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. For four days, the patient was admitted to a hospital with pronounced physical weakness without respiratory insufficiency. Anosmia has long been known because of CRSwNP. After Covid-19 illness, the patient reported severe sleep impairment and a severe state of exhaustion compatible with a post-covid syndrome. In addition, the patient was impaired by a severe nasal obstruction. At presentation in the rhinological consultation 7 months after Covid-19 illness, severe nasal polyps (NP overall score 8) and anosmia were detected. Dupilumab therapy (anti IL-4/IL-13 antibody) was initiated for severe CRSwNP. In the course of 2 months, an improved quality of life with less nasal obstruction as well as a reduced NP overall score of 6 were shown. Furthermore, the sleep impairment and exhaustion of the patient did not improve. Conclusion Dupilumab therapy improves quality of life in patients with severe CRSwNP, which may be especially important in post-covid syndrome.

Effectiveness of Anti-IL4R Therapy Following Suboptimal Response to Anti-IL5/5R Therapy in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

Introduction:Dupilumab is an anti-IL4R monoclonal antibody (mAb) with proven efficacy in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). We have previously identified that a suboptimal response to the eosinophil targeting anti-IL5/5R mAbs mepolizumab and benralizumab is seen in 27% and 14% of patients with SEA respectively1,2. The mechanism of this is not well-understood. It is unknown whether such patients respond in a clinically meaningful way following a switch to dupilumab. Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical effectiveness of dupilumab (minimum 6 months treatment) in patients with SEA at our tertiary severe asthma centre who had failed to adequately respond to at least one of the anti-IL-5/5R mAbs. Change in the annualised exacerbation rate (AER), maintenance oral corticosteroids (mOCS) requirements, ACQ-6 and mAQLQ was recorded. Results:Thirty-two patients (mean age 41.2, 68.8% female, 71.9% atopic) were included in the analysis. 13/32(40.6%) had co-morbid nasal polyposis and 5/32(15.6%) had eczema. The baseline FeNO was 60ppb(IQR 39.6-87.5) and peak eosinophil count prior to any mAb was 0.6(IQR 0.5-0.9). 23/32(71.8%) were switched from benralizumab, of whom, 12/23(52.2%) had also failed to respond to at least one other anti-IL5 mAb previously. At six months, the daily median mOCS dose in those requiring mOCS at baseline (n=18) fell from 10mg(IQR 5-25mg) to 3mg(IQR 0-5mg), p≤0.001. 4/18(22%) were able to stop mOCS completely. Mean(SD) AER improved from 2.34(1.89) to 0.44(0.95), p≤0.001. There were also significant improvements in ACQ6 and mAQLQ that exceeded twice the MCID for both measures: mean (SD) ACQ6 improved from 3.04(1.26) to 1.82(1.28), p≤0.001;mAQLQ improved from 3.90(SD 1.40) to 5.36(SD 1.05), p≤0.001. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, FEV1 data was only available for 8 patients. However, there was nonetheless a significant rise in FEV1 (%predicted) from 55.6% (9.78) to 68.5%(16.9), p=0.011. One patient discontinued dupilumab during the follow-up period. Conclusion: A minority of individuals with SEA have a suboptimal response to eosinophil targeted therapy with an anti-IL5/5R mAb. In these patients, we report significant clinical improvements following initiation with dupilumab suggesting an important role for the IL-4/-13 pathway in these patients. Further research is required to understand whether these patients represent a distinct subphenotype of T2-high asthma.

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in a Twelve-Year-Old BoyReceiving Montelukast: A Case Report

Introduction: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a multisystem disorder characterized by asthma, prominent peripheral blood eosinophilia, and small-vessel vasculitis. We report a case of EGPA in an adolescent with uncontrolled asthma who was receiving montelukast. Case: A 12-year-old boy who is known to have asthma and allergic rhinitis which were previously controlled on ICS, intranasal steroids, and prolonged use of montelukast for 4 years. He presented with cough and nasal blockage for 2 months. He also reported an increase in the frequency of asthma attacks and received multiple courses of systemic steroids. Subsequently, his asthma controller medications were upgraded to ICS/LABA few weeks prior to admission. His symptoms were also associated with weight loss, diarrhoea and haematochezia. He was vitally stable and maintained oxygen saturation on room air. Physical examination revealed nasal polyps, purple skin flat lesions on palms and feet (Figure1), and bilateral crackles on chest auscultation. His blood investigations were significant for leukocytosis with marked eosinophilia (11x103/uL, (51%)), high inflammatory markers and total-IgE (1975 kU/L). Initial chest XR showed bilateral interstitial thickening and small pleural effusions (Figure2). Chest CT showed centrilobular nodules and peripheral ground-glass opacities, tree-in-bud appearance with no peripheral sparing in addition to moderate pericardial effusion and bilateral mild pleural effusion (Figure3). Sinus CT showed extensive sino-nasal polyposis with pansinusitis (Figure4). Initial echocardiography showed moderate pericardial effusion with normal biventricular function. Patient was started on IV furosemide. During his hospitalization, patient developed chest pain. His serial troponin was rising and LV contractility was depressed. ECG showed ST-segment depression. Therefore, EGPA with cardiac involvement was suspected. Cardiac MR showed features of a peri-myocarditis. IVIG was commenced for suspicion of coronary artery involvement, which was later disputed by cardiac cath. He was also started on IV pulse steroids at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 3 days which resulted in dramatic decrease in troponin level, eosinophil count and CRP. Skin biopsy, which was later performed after administration of steroids, showed perivascular non-necrotizing granulomas. His ANA, ANCA and COVID-19 PCR came negative. Serum chemistries and urine microscopy were unremarkable. Patient was later started on Rituximab with significant clinical, serological and radiological (Figure5,6) improvement after 10-months of follow-up. Discussion: EGPA is rare but should be considered in children with uncontrolled asthma, eosinophilia and rhino-sinusitis. This case shows the importance of being aware that montelukast could cause EGPA, in spite of the uncertainty about its mechanism. (Figure Presented).

A late diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a medium and small vessel vasculitis. Discussion: A 58-years man was admitted to the Emergency Department in January 2022 for myalgia and weakness of lower limbs in recent COVID-19 infection. He had a clinical history of allergic asthma and eosinophilic pneumonia (ANCA negative) diagnosed as secondary to sensitization work-related in 2001. Blood test showed a severe hypereosinophilia (absolute eosinophil count: 9875/microL) and elevated creatine kinase (CK: 7555 U/L). He was hospitalized in HUB COVID. During hospitalization reported paraesthesia of upper and lower limbs and fever;blood test showed elevation of inflammation markers. Autoimmune screening showed a antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies positivity (ANCA anti-MPO 178UI/mL). A sinus CT showed nasal polyposis. A neurological evaluation and electromyography were performed with the evidence of polyneuropathy. Muscle biopsy showed eosinophil-associated vascular occlusion and eosinophilassociated tissue damage. The investigation excluded renal, cardiac, pulmonary and gastro-intestinal involvement. A steroid therapy (Prednisone 1 mg/kg/die) was started with clinical improvement. Conclusions: EGPA is a multisystemic disorder, typically suspected based on a combination of clinical findings, such as asthma, nasal and sinus symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, and eosinophilia ≥1500/microL. ANCA antibodies are positive in around 40% of patients and diagnosis can often be challenging and delayed.

Pancarditis as the Clinical Presentation of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Multimodality Approach to Diagnosis

Eosinophilic pancarditis (EP) is a rare, often unrecognized condition caused by endomyocardial infiltration of eosinophil granulocytes (referred as eosinophilic myocarditis, EM) associated with pericardial involvement. EM has a variable clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic cases to acute cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or chronic restrictive cardiomyopathy at high risk of progression to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). EP is associated with high in‐hospital mortality, particularly when associated to endomyocardial thrombosis, coronary arteries vasculitis or severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. To date, there is a lack of consensus about the optimal diagnostic algorithm and clinical management of patients with biopsy‐proven EP. The differential diagnosis includes hypersensitivity myocarditis, eosinophil granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), hypereosinophilic syndrome, parasitic infections, pregnancy‐related hypereosinophilia, malignancies, drug overdose (particularly clozapine) and Omenn syndrome (OMIM 603554). To our knowledge, we report the first case of pancarditis associated to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) with negative anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). Treatment with steroids and azathioprine was promptly started. Six months later, the patient developed a relapse: treatment with subcutaneous mepolizumab was added on the top of standard therapy, with prompt disease activity remission. This case highlights the role of a multimodality approach for the diagnosis of cardiac involvement associated to systemic immune disorders.

Changes in asthma control after administration of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines

Background: Rapid development of vaccines to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global imperative. Two mRNA vaccines have been recently approved by European Medicines Agency: BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. They have demonstrated safety in 1-3 phase clinical trials but data in asthmatics vaccinated in real-life is scarce. We sought to assess the change in asthma control before and 4 weeks after the administration of mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 in adults diagnosed with mild to severe asthma. Method: We performed an observational descriptive study of asthmatic healthcare workers who were vaccinated in our Allergy Department. Asthma severity were measured following Spanish Guideline on the Management of Asthma (GEMA) criteria. Asthma control was evaluated prior to vaccination and 4 weeks after vaccination using Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire. The mRNA vaccines were administered under medical supervision and 30 minutes observation. Results: We recorded a total of 52 asthmatic healthcare workers who receive COVID-19 vaccination in our Allergy Department. The mean age was 52.3 years (range 21-66) and 46 (88.5%) were female. Ten (19.2%) and 42 (80.8%) subjects received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine, respectively. Twenty patients (38.5%) had intermittent asthma, 8 (15.4%) mild, 18 (34.6%) moderate, and 6 (11.5%) severe asthma. One patient was receiving oral corticosteroids and one biologic treatment. Coexisting allergic diseases were common: 26 (50%) had allergic rhinitis, 5 (9.6%) atopic dermatitis, 18 (34.6%) food allergy, 19 (36.5%) drug allergy. Other comorbidities were cardiovascular disease (23.1%), obesity (21.2%), autoimmunity (19.2%) and nasal polyposis (5.8%). The ACT before vaccination was 24.2 (range 21-25, SD 1.4). We detected 2 (3.8%) patients with ACT<20 who were vaccinated once ACT was ≥20. Four weeks after the first and second dose of mRNA vaccine, ACT was 23.4 (range 10-25, SD 2.6) and 23.8 (range 12-25, SD 2.5), respectively. We found no statistical significant differences in ACT changes among intermittent, mild, moderate, and severe asthma. Conclusion: In our experience, asthma exacerbation after mRNA vaccination is infrequent and not related to asthma severity. Asthmatic population can safely receive mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.

Vasospasm due to eosinophilic coronary periarteritis treated with an anti-IL-5

Background: Vasospasm due to eosinophilic coronary periarteritis (VECP) can cause not only vasospastic angina but also myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. It is usually resistant to conventional treatment of coronary disease and responds to systemic corticosteroids. The role that may have the monoclonal antibodies reducers eosinophils is unknown. Method: A 52-year-old female with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, moderate persistent bronchial asthma and Aspirinexacerbated respiratory disease(AERD), without atopy, had been treated with inhaled and intranasal fluticasone, oral montelukast and inhaled formoterol. In July 2019, she arrived at the emergency room with an acute coronary syndrome. Results: The procedures performed revealed high levels of troponin 16717ng/L(0- 47ng/L), and abnormal electrocardiogram (alteration of repolarization in II, III and aVF). Marked eosinophilia of 750cells/ mm3 was noticed. She was treated with oral vasodilators and aspirin, which due to her AERD required rapid desensitization, being effective. However, she continued with recurrent chest pain and electrocardiographic abnormalities. Diagnostic coronary angiography revealed vasospasm in the right coronary artery without atheromatous lesions. Type 2 myocardial infarction secondary to VECP was suspected and prednisone 30mg/day was started with complete resolution of chest pain. She developed a Cushing syndrome and prednisone dose was reduced, but chest pain and eosinophilia(1000/mm3) reappeared, and prednisone 20mg/day was reintroduced. It was decided to discontinue corticosteroids and treatment was begun with anti-IL-5(benralizumab) in May 2020, reducing eosinophilia( 0/mm3) from the first dose. At 6 months we suspended prednisone without new episodes of pain. In August 2020, she was visited due to SARS-CoV-2 infection without symptoms of bronchospasm or pneumonia and received the 4th dose of benralizumab without complications. Conclusion: An acute coronary syndrome refractory to conventional medications with normal coronary arteries and eosinophilia, with a history of chronic rhinosinusitis/polyposis, asthma and/or AERD, VECP should be considered and early treatment with corticosteroids could save lives. This is the first case to our knowledge in which anti IL 5 has been used for VECP to control of the eosinophilic disorder. Likewise, it was administrated during the SARS-CoV-2 infection without complications.

Mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma-real-life data

Background: Mepolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against IL-5, is a therapeutic option in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. Its efficacy has been shown in clinical trials. Our aim is to present data from our center to corroborate this evidence in the complexity of real-life patients. Method: A retrospective study of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with mepolizumab in our center was performed. We collected data regarding demographics, eosinophilic blood count, FEV 1 , fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), clinically significant exacerbations [need to start or increase oral corticosteroids (OCS), emergency department visit and/or hospitalization], OCS and safety profile, before and after patients started mepolizumab. Results: A total of 12 patients were included (9 female, mean age 53.7 ± 8.9 years old);10 patients had concomitant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Mepolizumab was administered in a dose of 100 mg every 4 weeks, except for 2 patients diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) (300 mg every 4 weeks). The mean duration of treatment was 13.75 months [3 - 28 months]. Due to COVID-19 pandemics restriction it was not possible to assess absolute eosinophilic count in 2 patients, as well as FeNO and FEV 1 in 2 different patients after treatment. The mean value before and after treatment for each outcome were the following: absolute eosinophilic blood count, from 537.5/μl to 116/μl ( p = 0.005);FEV 1 , from 1.44L to 1.84L ( p = 0.036);FeNO, from 62.27ppm to 41.8ppm ( p = 0.260);clinically significant exacerbations, from 2.83 in the previous year to 0.25 ( p = 0.007). Prior to treatment, 8 patients were treated with daily OCS, and after starting mepolizumab 3 of them were able to stop OCS and the others reduced daily dose (mean dose reduction 64.7%, ranging from 25% to 98.5%). The only side effect reported was sporadic headache, and no one discontinued treatment. Conclusion: In our sample, we observed a significant reduction in eosinophilic blood count, clinically significant exacerbations and OCS use, as well as improvements in FEV 1 , in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with mepolizumab, with a good safety profile. This information supports data from clinical trials and early real-life experience in other populations.